SPEAKER TECHNOLOGY

A Speaker is a device that delivers the air vibrations, which are heard by our ears. Actually, a speaker converts the electric signals into mechanical vibrations or sound that we hear. Magnetism is the base of speaker technology as it works on this principle, the oldest principle of physics for reproducing sound. In fact, the technology of speaker is just the reverse technology of the microphones, which even follows the same principle.

As the principle is old, the technology of the speaker is also an old one. Though many changes have happened regarding the design, quality and the functioning, the basic operating principle is the same as it has been for decades. The only difference that can be noticed is the non-electric permanent magnet made from highly refined metallurgic materials, in place of an electrical field coil used to create the magnetic field used before.

According to the audio system, a magnetic deck reproduces the audio information from the recorded support through an electrical signal. The speaker translates these signals to audio waves, which is almost the same sound as that of the original one. However, there are various components with which a speaker is made up of and thus are the vital part of speaker technology.

Magnet: It produces a steady, non-changing magnetic field. The electro-magnet close to it will either get attracted to it or repel, due to its alternating charge.

Voice-coil: It is the electromagnet made up of a coil of wire that is wrapped around a piece of metal of high conductivity.

Diaphragm: Also referred to as a cone, it is a component that vibrates when the voice coil moves and produces sound waves.

Spider: Called the lower suspension, it is a cloth disc that only allows the voice coil and the bottom of the diaphragm to move backward and forward.

Surround: Called the upper suspension, it is a ring that stops the cone or the diaphragm from moving to the side. Together with the spider, it forms the suspension system for the diaphragm and the voice coil.

Dust cap: It is a cover that is attached to the cone.

Frame: A component that holds all the parts together.

Switching over to the working of the speaker, the components that should be mentioned first are the voice coil and the magnet, Together, these are the base of the whole technology. The wire of the voice coil is insulated with a narrow layer of varnish and the ends of the wire are connected to the terminals on the speaker frame with the help of tinsel leads. These wires are very flexible pieces of braided wire that allows electricity to pass.

However, as the electricity flows through the wire of the voice coil, it sets up a magnetic field around itself and this magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the magnet. The closeness to the magnet causes the voice coil to move up and down. Now, if the charges are identical they will repel but if they are not then they will attract. That means that either it will draw the speaker down towards the magnet or will push it away.

As the voice coil starts moving, the diaphragm or the cone, which is attached to the top of the moving voice coil, also starts moving up and down. And this way the sound waves are generated from the electric impulses.

AUTO TECHNOLOGY

The drive is a long one. Or let's put it this way, it's a never-ending driveway. Since the invention of the wheel, man's quest for automotive mobility led him to experiment with various kinds of vehicles. Vehicles that have used diverse technologies to make them function. From the steam - driven engine to the jet propelled aircraft, we sure have come a long way. And of course, besides the shapes, it is the technology behind them that has transformed the automotive landscape.
Different systems like the engine, electrical, cooling etc. combine to make up a vehicle. Each works on disparate principles, yet collectively, it is on them that the performance of the vehicle depends. It would need only one of the many subsystems to dysfunction for the entire automobile to come to a halt.

We drive our cars and our bikes, but seldom know the mechanics involved. Here, we give detailed explanations on the different systems and sub-systems that go in the making of an automobile. Read on about those that are being phased out like the carburetor, and those that are talking its place, the fuel injection system,

INFORMATION OF STEPPER MOTOR

A stepper motor is a synchronous motor having a magnetized rotor and a plurality of stator windings energized in a designated sequence to make the rotor rotate. A stepper motor relies upon a winding mounted on a stator to conduct or block current based on the position of the rotor. Stepper motors are generally constructed without the brushes commonly found in electric motors. Stepper motors transfers with high accuracy digital electrical signals directly into discreet angle movements of a rotor. Stepping motors are driven by a pulse signal and find widespread use as an actuator in digital control devices. Stepper motors are used in a wide variety of devices, including printers, disk drives, image scanners, copying machines, and other devices requiring precise positioning of an element.
INFORMATION OF STEPPER MOTOR

A stepper motor is a synchronous motor having a magnetized rotor and a plurality of stator windings energized in a designated sequence to make the rotor rotate. A stepper motor relies upon a winding mounted on a stator to conduct or block current based on the position of the rotor. Stepper motors are generally constructed without the brushes commonly found in electric motors. Stepper motors transfers with high accuracy digital electrical signals directly into discreet angle movements of a rotor. Stepping motors are driven by a pulse signal and find widespread use as an actuator in digital control devices. Stepper motors are used in a wide variety of devices, including printers, disk drives, image scanners, copying machines, and other devices requiring precise positioning of an element.

Energy Resources
Wind power

The best places for wind farms are in coastal areas, at the tops of rounded hills, open plains and gaps in mountains - places where the wind is strong and reliable. Some are offshore. To be worthwhile, you need an average wind speed of around 25 km/h. Most wind farms in the UK are in Cornwall or Wales.

Isolated places such as farms may have their own wind generators. In California, several "wind farms" supply electricity to homes around Los Angeles.

The propellors are large, to extract energy from the largest possible volume of air. The blades can be angled to "fine" or "coarse" pitch, to cope with varying wind speeds, and the generator and propellor can turn to face the wind wherever it comes from. Some designs use vertical turbines, which don't need to be turned to face the wind.

The towers are tall, to get the propellors as high as possible, up to where the wind is stronger. This means that the land beneath can still be used for farming.

• The wind is not always predictable - some days have no wind.
  
  
• Suitable areas for wind farms are often near the coast, where land is expensive.
  
  
• Some people feel that covering the landscape with these towers is unsightly.
  
  
• Can kill birds - migrating flocks tend to like strong winds.
  However, this is rare, and we tend not to build wind farms on migratory routes anyway.
  
• Can affect television reception if you live nearby.
  
  
• Can be noisy. Wind generators have a reputation for making a constant, low, "swooshing" noise day and night, which can drive you nuts.
  Having said that, as aerodynamic designs have improved modern wind farms are much quieter. A lot quieter than, say, a fossil fuel power station; and wind farms tend not to be close to residential areas anyway. The small modern wind generators used on boats and caravans make hardly any sound at all.

Discovery of Cathode Rays

It was known that when the cathode of an electric circuit was heated in a vacuum with a large potential difference applied between that cathode and the anode, a beam appeared to travel between the two electrodes. Originally this was thought to be an electromagnetic wave, and so they were called cathode rays.

J.J. Thompson (1856-1940) investigated this phenomenon and realized that these cathode rays could be deflected in their path by magnetic and electric fields. Since they carried a charge, he concluded that these rays were actually particles, which he called electrons, and was able to measure their charge-to-mass ratio.

This experimental set-up is essentially the basis for the vacuum tube, upon which early electronic devices were constructed. It also is the basis for all of our television and computer monitors (CRT - Cathode Ray Tube). It is also interesting to note that J.J. Thompson won the Nobel Prize for Physics for this discovery - for finding that electrons were particles. His son, G.P. Thompson, won the Nobel Prize a few decades later for proving that electrons were waves!!

BOMB CALORIMETER:


The bomb calorimeter C 2000 basic / control is the latest system from IKA ® for determining gross calorific values of liquids and solid fuels. During the development of this bomb calorimeter, great importance was placed on user-friendliness and on simple and fast maintenance.

A higher level of automation with extremely simple handling characterizes this device. In addition to the isoperibolic measurement procedure, a dynamic (reduced-time) working method is also available for the user. Different working temperatures can be selected for both procedures based on the conditions of the experiment.

Both the device technology and the measurement procedure are approved by DIN 51900, ASTM 240D, ISO 1928 and BSI. In combination with special halogen-resistant decomposition vessels of the C 5012 series, quantitative decompositions can be performed in parallel to the analysis of gross calorific value to determine halogen and sulfur content.

To provide a supply of cooling water, the C 2000 bomb calorimeter is connected with a standard commercially available thermostat or with an appropriate permanently installed water connection.

The C 2000 basic bomb calorimeters are equipped with a very convenient operating panel through which operation of the device takes place. The graphical display with active back lighting displays the appropriate status messages. The temporal course of a measurement that has been started and all current parameters of the weighed in sample can be constantly monitored and are arranged to be clearly visible.

The C 2000 bomb calorimeter control variant is delivered from the factory already complete with the well known and proven C 5040 Calwin calorimeter software. Control of the system takes place via a PC or Notebook that is connected with the C 2000 calorimeter via a serial interface. The required interface cable is included with delivery (PC or notebook are not included in the delivery package).

Library functions and various correction modes make it possible to call up measurements that have already been performed at any time and to edit post experiment parameters. The C 2000 basic / control calorimeter is equipped with a separate service menu that allows for fast access to individual maintenance functions and testing of basic system data. Connections for analysis scale, printer, sample rack for identifying and managing samples are already integrated into the basic device.

The network connection and the special configuration for data exchange can be implemented at any time with LIMS.

PETROL ENGINE


Petrol engine is an engine that uses petrol as a fuel. Inside the engine, the combustion (burning) of fuel mixed with air produces hot gases that expand against parts of the engine and cause them to move. For this reason, petrol engines are called internal-combustion engines. The motion inside the engine is transferred outside it to turn wheels and propellers or to operate machines. In this way, a petrol engine turns heat energy into mechanical work. The rate at which a petrol engine produces work is usually measured in horsepower or watts .

Petrol engines are compact and light in weight for the power they produce. This makes them one of the most important types of engines for vehicles. Nearly all cars, lawn mowers, motorcycles, motor scooters, snowmobiles, and small tractors have petrol engines. So do many trucks, buses, aeroplanes, and small boats. Petrol engines may also be used as portable power plants--for example, to supply the power to run pumps and other machinery on farms. Petrol engine is an engine that uses petrol as a fuel. Inside the engine, the combustion (burning) of fuel mixed with air produces hot gases that expand against parts of the engine and cause them to move. For this reason, petrol engines are called internal-combustion engines. The motion inside the engine is transferred outside it to turn wheels and propellers or to operate machines. In this way, a petrol engine turns heat energy into mechanical work. The rate at which a petrol engine produces work is usually measured in horsepower or watts .

Petrol engines are compact and light in weight for the power they produce. This makes them one of the most important types of engines for vehicles. Nearly all cars, lawn mowers, motorcycles, motor scooters, snowmobiles, and small tractors have petrol engines. So do many trucks, buses, aeroplanes, and small boats. Petrol engines may also be used as portable power plants--for example, to supply the power to run pumps and other machinery on farms...

Thechnology in chemical

Process Mass Spectrometry

Commercial Residual Gas Analyzer Systems

Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA) systems are available from a number of different manufacturers. These products are designed primarily for the electronics and vacuum industries. Although they are typically intended to be interfaced with an existing process vacuum system, they can be adapted for some stand-alone applications. RGA systems are usually based on relatively low-performance quadrupole mass spectrometers, with limited scan speed, mass range, and stability. However, if the application requires only qualitative information, RGAs can be an adequate low- cost solution. Diablo Analytical has used a number of different RGAs in a range of applications and can assist you in selecting and configuring an appropriate RGA system for your application.

Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Systems

Laboratory mass spectrometers were developed for applications requiring higher MS performance than the RGA: fast scan rates, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and excellent mass-axis and response stability. These systems are usually not very portable and often rely on chromatographic sample introduction. Some of these systems have been quietly moved into process environments for many years, but the effort can be significant. Once in place, these systems are superior mass analyzers and the analytical performance confirms this.

Dedicated Process Mass Spectrometers

A few companies produce dedicated process mass spectrometer systems. These systems are designed for continuous operation in harsh environments, and as a result, must compromise flexibility in favor of robustness. If your interest is in "hardened" process MS systems, you should contact one of the vendors who specialize in these systems.

Commercial Residual Gas Analyzer Systems

Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA) systems are available from a number of different manufacturers. These products are designed primarily for the electronics and vacuum industries. Although they are typically intended to be interfaced with an existing process vacuum system, they can be adapted for some stand-alone applications. RGA systems are usually based on relatively low-performance quadrupole mass spectrometers, with limited scan speed, mass range, and stability. However, if the application requires only qualitative information, RGAs can be an adequate low- cost solution. Diablo Analytical has used a number of different RGAs in a range of applications and can assist you in selecting and configuring an appropriate RGA system for your application.

Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Systems

Laboratory mass spectrometers were developed for applications requiring higher MS performance than the RGA: fast scan rates, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and excellent mass-axis and response stability. These systems are usually not very portable and often rely on chromatographic sample introduction. Some of these systems have been quietly moved into process environments for many years, but the effort can be significant. Once in place, these systems are superior mass analyzers and the analytical performance confirms this.

Dedicated Process Mass Spectrometers

A few companies produce dedicated process mass spectrometer systems. These systems are designed for continuous operation in harsh environments, and as a result, must compromise flexibility in favor of robustness. If your interest is in "hardened" process MS systems, you should contact one of the vendors who specialize in these systems.

Commercial Residual Gas Analyzer Systems

Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA) systems are available from a number of different manufacturers. These products are designed primarily for the electronics and vacuum industries. Although they are typically intended to be interfaced with an existing process vacuum system, they can be adapted for some stand-alone applications. RGA systems are usually based on relatively low-performance quadrupole mass spectrometers, with limited scan speed, mass range, and stability. However, if the application requires only qualitative information, RGAs can be an adequate low- cost solution. Diablo Analytical has used a number of different RGAs in a range of applications and can assist you in selecting and configuring an appropriate RGA system for your application.

Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Systems

Laboratory mass spectrometers were developed for applications requiring higher MS performance than the RGA: fast scan rates, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and excellent mass-axis and response stability. These systems are usually not very portable and often rely on chromatographic sample introduction. Some of these systems have been quietly moved into process environments for many years, but the effort can be significant. Once in place, these systems are superior mass analyzers and the analytical performance confirms this.

Dedicated Process Mass Spectrometers

A few companies produce dedicated process mass spectrometer systems. These systems are designed for continuous operation in harsh environments, and as a result, must compromise flexibility in favor of robustness. If your interest is in "hardened" process MS systems, you should contact one of the vendors who specialize in these systems.

Transition to Green Technology and Save a Fortune

How to Transition to Green Technology and Save a Fortune

In today's tough economy there are many tough decisions to make. It's nice to know that major innovations like Green IT are around to combine eco-friendly products with dollar-friendly solutions that generate a much smaller carbon footprint. Green IT is a revolutionary concept that addresses all of the environmental needs of today with much more efficient technology systems that require less energy and produce less waste than their predecessors. Though there have been concerns that moving to a green state of mind would result in a global financial crisis, a lot of companies are finding that they actually save a great deal more money by implementing green IT / technologies rather than lose money! Everybody wins.

Highmark Inc. is one of the largest health insurance providers in the country, but recently some developments have put the company on the environmental advocate list. A few years ago, Highmark decided to upgrade from the 24,000 square foot data center that it was residing in and upgrade to one that was more than three times the size. The company chose to do so through the utilization of green computing. With the assistance of server virtualization and green IT HVAC systems, Highmark has been able to use the same energy to power the new office as it did the old one, even after the size differenc. The building utilizes recycled materials and water collection systems as well to ensure that the company is doing all it can to lessen its eco-footprint.

Wachovia Corp is also trying to adapt to the green computing world. By replacing the computer systems within their data center, Wachovia has teamed up with green IT designers to create a more effective system of technology that has reduced the costs of construction by more than $80,000. Wachovia plans to implement environmentally friendly solutions so that they can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by more than 10% in the next few years. They plan to expand their green efforts to all of their data centers in the future, including the use of energy-efficient cooling systems and power reduction tactics.

TECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS

Major: Electronics Technology

Are you the type who takes apart the toaster just to see if she can put it back together again? If so, you may want to major in electronics technology.

In this broad-based program, you’ll learn the basics of electronics and electricity, from circuits to microprocessors. With a certificate or associate’s degree under your belt, you’ll be ready to apply your skills installing phone and home-alarm systems, fixing washing machines, troubleshooting computer ills -- and much more.

Electronics technology majors learn the basic skills needed to operate, maintain, install, and repair electrical and electronic equipment.

Latest Technology In Electronics

The modern world of technology has opened a wider horizon to everyone. With our electronics articles, you will get to know the latest stuff like small gadgets and things. Read our guidelines on effective digital caliper selection. Enlighten the world with a new kind of lighting – LED. Uninterruptible power supplies are very important in the hassle-free operation of your electronic appliance or gadget. Find out the main advantages of a good plasma TV. Know more about digital camera batteries that would give more power every time.

Communication Technology

It may be hard to imagine today, but at the beginning of the 20th century, the Wright Brothers were just getting their "flying machine" off the ground, the telephone was still a novelty, and the first crude computer was still thirty years from invention. As we begin the 21st century, the rapid transmission of data has become indispensable to many consumers and businesses, which consider innovations such as communications satellites, wireless phones and computer networks staples of everyday life.
One example of this is the increasing use of broadband applications and service among consumers. According to the June 2002 edition of Communications Engineering and Design magazine, the estimated need for residential broadband access will jump 42 percent from 2002 to 2003, from 11 million users to more than 15.7 million. Demand for these modern communication devices has created a need for skilled employees who can help design, develop, install, test and maintain them.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, eight of the ten fastest growing occupations from 2000 - 2010 will be in fields of technology. The Electronics and Communications Engineering Technology program of study at ITT Technical Institute emphasizes technical skills that can be used to help design, develop, install, test and maintain communications systems. Graduates of this program may begin to pursue career opportunities in a variety of entry-level positions, such as electronics engineering technologist, electronics engineering assistant, engineering sales/service representative, computer systems technologist, technical consultant, telecommunications technician, communication systems installer, field service representative, engineering technician or research technician. Among the types of work environments that may use the services of graduates with these skills include, among others, data and telecommunications service providers, TV and satellite services organizations, computer network sales and services organizations, electronic systems R&D facilities and entertainment industries.

Automotive Technology

Automotive technology or automobile technology refers to those technologies that are popularly incorporated in various kinds of automobiles. With the changing times, the emergence of advanced technologies is paving the way for more and more sophisticated vehicles. Some of these technologies are listed below as follows:

Driverless cars: These 'intelligent vehicles' are capable of taking a person from one point to another without any driver. Providing a "taxi-like" experience to the passengers, these vehicles would navigate the roads on their own.Also
called as autopilot, autonomous vehicle or auto-drive car, these vehicles are expected to be fully functional by 2020. An example of such smart cars is the 2getthere passenger vehicle that is based on the FROG navigation technology that originated in The Netherlands, DARPA Grand Challenge (from USA) and AGRO research project (from Italy).

Emission Standards: With the help of automotive technologies, a check can be put on the emission of harmful pollutants such as NO 2 , particulate matter (PM) or soot, carbon monoxide (CO) or volatile hydrocarbons. As a result, it would be easier to lower down the pollution level and save the planet from global warming.

Automotive Engine: Coming all the way from the steam engines built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769 to the modern day 4-stroke internal combustion engines, the automotive engine has come a long way. It was human perseverance and determination to build something better and powerful that has finally paid off towards achieving the means of faster and more comfortable journey today.

Suspension technology: The suspension system comprises of springs, shock absorbers and linkages. This system connects the vehicle to its wheels. The main function of a suspension system is to minimize jerks and provide comfort to the occupants of the vehicle. With the advancement of technology, gas-filled shock absorbers have come to being which are much more responsive than the spring absorbers.

Apart from the above mentioned technologies, steering technology and safety technologies have also helped the automotive industry in a big way to reach great heights.

Laptop Technology

Laptop or notebook computer technology is advancing at

a blistering speed. Ferrari fast. So fast that by the time
you purchase your new laptop, it's probably already
obsolete or out of date. A sobering thought considering
the hefty prices you have to pay for a high-end laptop.

But laptop technology is changing so fast new innovations
are coming on stream as you read this article. There is a
whole new generation of notebook technology every two years
or less. Therefore, unless you buy or upgrade your laptop
each year you're falling behind what these sleek little
powerhouses can now deliver.

And unless you're already in Geek Heaven, keeping track
of all these new technologies and innovations can be
quite a chore. Figuring out the right Graphics chipset
that works best with the right CPU and the best Data buses
is a major feat. And now that everything is being
Doubled -- dual core, dual graphics -- it's entering
the realm where Einstein would be amused, even on a
bad hair day!

What's the ordinary laptop buyer to do?

What you really have to keep in mind are the outcomes
of all this new technology. Basically, these new
technologies have made laptops smaller, faster and more
powerful. With every new improvement the laptop is closing
the gap between its main rival -- the desktop computer.

Notebook computers are now out-selling desktops for
the first time in history. Laptops are replacing the
old desktop computer, whose days may just be numbered.
It won't be long before laptops are also out-performing
them as well.

Some major computer makers are taking note of this
trend towards more powerful, smaller computers.
Even the desktop computer is morphing! Just look at
the sleek design of the new Apple iMac G5, gone is the
bulky tower, in its place is a well designed desktop
computer that's almost a laptop!

Latest Pc Technology

Do you know what is inside your computer? Maybe you peeked when the service technician was installing something for you. When you first open up the CPU and look inside, a computer is a very threatening machine. But once you know about the different parts that make up a complete computer it gets a lot easier. Today's computers consist of around eight main components; some of the advanced computers might have a few more components. What are these eight main components and what are they used for? We will start with beginner level details to get you started.

First is the Power Supply. The power supply is used to provide electricity to all of the components in your computer. It is usually a rectangular box and is usually positioned in one of the corners of the computer. To find it for sure, look to see where the power cable plugs into the back of the computer and you have found the power supply. Most power supplies today are calculated in wattage and come in 50 watt increments (500 watt, 550, 600, etc

Second is the Motherboard. All of the components are connected into the motherboard; it doesn't mean that it is the brain of the computer. Yes it holds the brain and helps it act together with all the other components of the machine.

The third and a very important component of a computer is the CPU (Central Processing Unit), Known as the brain of the computer and nothing is going to happen without it. All major calculation performed by a computer are carried out inside its CPU. It is also responsible for activating and controlling the operations of other units of the system. The faster the CPU can do these calculations and give the correct answers, the faster the computer runs for the user. CPUs are now measured in gigahertz (Ghz) and they are at present up to our 3.8GHz or faster

A fourth component is the RAM (Random Access Memory). RAM is used as momentary working storage for the computer. We have different types of RAM memory with different speed, but it should match with your motherboard so that it can work properly. The more RAM you have in your computer, the better your computer will work.

The fifth component is the Hard drive. This is where you can store everything. Our material on the hard drive includes the operating system (Windows XP, etc), games, and different types of software, etc. over the year the capacity of the hard drive is continuously improving and in the interval of few years its capacity have gone from around 20MB to over 500GB and more. So you can store a lot more information on your computer such as games, pictures, videos, applications, and more.

Sixth component is Cooling fans. Often most computers come with one cooling fan or it might have several. Its help to cool down the heat generated by others components, Such as power supply, the CPU, and some high-end video cards. The work of all of your cooling fans is to get this heat out of the case so that nothing overheats and breaks. While most of the noise you hear coming from a computer can be credited to the cooling fans, remember to be tolerant. The cooling fan is your friend!

Our Seventh and final component is the mixture of several different devices. These are the Cd-rom, DVD drives, floppy Drive and Backup devices such as external hard drive.

Latest compute processor

Latest computer processor provides high speed processing, great performance, effortless multitasking and a dramatic increase in your productivity. Get the most out of it with a new PC. Today's desktops and notebooks offer greater performance, quality and reliability than ever before. These computers have 2X faster performance, less waiting, sleek designs and keep you productive, entertained and informed. New technology gives you the performance you need in the design you desire. Lets take a look on Next Generation processor.

NEW
Dual-Core processor

Core(TM)2 Duo Processor

Quad-Core processor

These Were Some Latest Pc Technology Examples

Mobile Technology

Mobile technology is exactly what the name implies - technology that is portable. Examples of mobile IT devices include:

• laptop and netbook computers
• palmtop computers or personal digital assistants
• mobile phones and 'smart phones'
• global positioning system (GPS) devices
• wireless debit/credit card payment terminals

Mobile devices can be enabled to use a variety of communications technologies such as:

• wireless fidelity (WiFi) - a type of wireless local area network technology
• Bluetooth - connects mobile devices wirelessly
• 'third generation' (3G), global system for mobile communications (GSM) and general packet radio service (GPRS) data services - data networking services for mobile phones
• dial-up services - data networking services using modems and telephone lines
• virtual private networks - secure access to a private network

It is therefore possible to network the mobile device to a home office or the internet while travelling.

Nano Technology

Nanotechnology is an exciting area of scientific development which promises ‘more for less’. It offers ways to create smaller, cheaper, lighter and faster devices that can do more and cleverer things, use less raw materials and consume less energy. There are many examples of the application of nanotechnology from the simple to the complex. For example, there are nano coatings which can repel dirt and reduce the need for harmful cleaning agents, or prevent the spread of hospital-borne infections. New-generation hip implants can be made more ‘body friendly’ because they have a nanoscale topography that encourages acceptance by the cells in their vicinity. Moving on to more complex products, a good example of the application of nanotechnology is a mobile phone, which has changed dramatically in a few years – becoming smaller and smaller, while paradoxically, growing cleverer and faster – and cheaper!

Nanotechnology originates from the Greek word meaning “dwarf”. A nanometre is one billionth (10 ^-9) of a metre, which is tiny, only the length of ten hydrogen atoms, or about one hundred thousandth of the width of a hair! Although scientists have manipulated matter at the nanoscale for centuries, calling it physics or chemistry, it was not until a new generation of microscopes were invented in the nineteen eighties in IBM, Switzerland that the world of atoms and molecules could be visualized and managed.

In simple terms, nanotechnology can be defined as ‘engineering at a very small scale’, and this term can be applied to many areas of research and development – from medicine to manufacturing to computing, and even to textiles and cosmetics. It can be difficult to imagine exactly how this greater understanding of the world of atoms and molecules has and will affect the everyday objects we see around us

Information About LatestTechnologies

Driven by the popularization of digital broadcasting and diversification of services, liquid crystal display televisions are now being made with screens that are larger and have higher definition as well as greater numbers of colors, with many 50-inch and larger full high definition products on the market.
NEC Electronics has a newly developed interface technology called PPmL™, which allows point-to-point communication between the timing controller IC and LCD driver IC. This technology permits devices to be driven by fewer components, thus contributing to cost reduction.
As a way of promoting standardization of the specifications within the industry, NEC Electronics plans to disclose its PPmL specifications to liquid crystal component manufacturers during new product launching, and will cooperate with other companies.

Information About Newest Technology

Stylistic term applied to the expressive use of modern technology, industrial components, equipment or materials in the design of architecture, interiors and furnishings. It was first employed in print by Joan Kron and Susan Slesin in magazine articles of 1977. High Tech described the then-fashionable style of decoration using out-of-context, brightly coloured elements of industrial design (e.g. factory lamps, warehouse shelving, office chairs, work-benches, duct-work, glass bricks etc) in domestic interiors and shops. In their book High-Tech: The Industrial Style and Source-book for the Home (1978), however, Kron and Slesin cited a number of buildings, most notably the Centre Georges Pompidou (1971-7), Paris, by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano, to add weight to their argument that 'the industrial aesthetic in design ...is one of the most important design trends today'. By 1980 this building (see PARIS, fig. 14) had become the standard exemplar of High Tech architectural design and remained a monument of definition thereafter. The bright colours of its exposed ducts, its transparent escalator tubes hung on the exterior of its boldly exhibited structural system and its general air of technological optimism made it a convincing large-scale demonstration of the Kron and Slesin aesthetic.

Oldest Technologies

Today, we look for the oldest technology. The University of Houston's College of Engineering presents this series about the machines that make our civilization run, and the people whose ingenuity created them.

So what do you suppose the oldest technology might be? Farming came late in history. Before farming, settled herdsmen and gatherers made clothing, knives, tents, spears. But so did nomads before them. Go back further: picture painting was the technology that heralded the Upper Paleolithic Stone Age. We all know the magnificent cave paintings of Altamira and Lascaux.

But archaeologists have also found evidence of rattles, drums, pipes and shell trumpets from that period (although the sounds are, alas, gone). And the Bible, the chronology of the Hebrew tribes, identifies musical-instrument-making as one of three technologies that arose in the seventh and eighth generations after Adam.

As we move back into the Stone Age, the artifacts peter out. But that doesn't mean the technologies of music-making weren't present. We have evidence of another kind. It is that music is a huge presence in societies with the least technology on earth. Australian Aborigine culture is defined by its song, dance, musical instruments, and poetry. We have the sure knowledge that whales sing -- that the animal urge to make music precedes, not only artifacts, but our own presence on earth. And, while music is the most accessible art, it is, at the same time, the most sophisticated. In any age, music-making becomes every bit as complex as any other technology in a society. So I offer music-making as my candidate for the oldest technology of all.

But our own experience tells us more than archaeology does. Experience tells us that music is primal. It is not just a simple pleasure. In Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, Jessica says to Lorenzo: I am never merry when I hear sweet sounds of music,... Lorenzo answers her: The reason is your spirits are attentive. ... The man that hath no music in himself ... is fit for treasons, ...

And we know perfectly well what he means. If we can't respond to art, to music, then something is missing. We are fit for treason. Music helps us understand the human lot. Music is as functional as any worthwhile technology. Its function is to put reality in terms that make sense, and that means dramatizing what we see -- transmuting it into something more than is obvious.

Poet Wallace Stevens said that wonderfully well when he wrote,

They said, "You have a blue guitar,
You do not play things as they are."
The man replied, "Things as they are
Are changed upon the blue guitar."

Stevens's blue guitar -- music, or any art -- does change reality. It turns the human dilemma around until we see it in perspective. Sometimes it takes us through grief and pain to do that. It disturbs us at the same time it comforts us. But it serves an absolutely fundamental human need.

And that, beyond history or archaeology, is why music-making has always been the primal human technology.

Firestarter The 1st Technology

Humanity was harnessing fire for technology over seventy thousand years ago - leading to us winning the evolutionary game so hard we ended up researching it instead of playing.

This past summer a global team of researchers found evidence of rock tool use among early South African tribes, but couldn't find any of the actual rocks. Since seventy thousand years is barely a blink by geological standards this was something of a problem, until they found some rocks buried in a fire-pit and realised: they were right about the rocks in the area being wrong. And early man had been making his own.

By firing native silcrete rocks the very first technologists on record created something better than anything that existed before. Fired silcrete was far easier to shape into tools, and by tools we mean "sharp things for making meat hold still before you eat it." More importantly the prevalence of fired silcrete tools means this wasn't a lucky accident (at least, not after the first time.) The tribes must have been able to pass on the process, refining it as they went and becoming the very first - and thus most important - designers. And we can all agree that "make food us live!" is a better mission statement than most of the crap we have today.

It's an incredible insight into early evolution, and just how humanity became so awesomely dominant we can waste resources on crap like Pokemon while every other species struggles to stay alive. It meant communication, co-operation, teamwork and - since hunters would have to feed the fire-users - the ability to put the good of the group ahead of your own short term gains. A trick which those who follow politics might say we're losing.

What Is Technology?

Power Architecture technology is an instruction set architecture that spans applications from consumer electronics to supercomputers. But it's more than that. Facilitated by Power.org, Power Architecture technology forms an enhanced platform for collaborative hardware innovation, with the goal of developing community specifications and supporting development tools that work together to facilitate integration and enhanced implementations.

The foundation for Power Architecture was originally developed by IBM in the early 1980s and subsequently steadily improved through collaborative efforts with leading brands and developers from around the world. Initially used mostly by IBM, Motorola and Apple, Power Architecture™ technology has since gained support from many of the world's most innovative and recognizable brands and become the preferred platform for many emerging applications and markets.